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CetirizineSystematic (IUPAC) name(±) - -1- piperazinyl] ethoxy]acetic acid, dihydrochlorideIdentifiersCAS number83881-51-0ATC codeR06AE07PubChem2678DrugBankAPRD00630ChemSpider2577Chemical dataFormulaC21H25ClN2O3 Mol. mass388.89SMILESeMolecules & PubChemSynonymsAlatrol, Alzene, Cetirizina MERCK, Cetirin, Cetzine Glaxo, Cetirizin, Humex, Letizen, Razene, Reactine, Zyrtec, Zirtec, Zodac, Zirtek, Zynor, Zyrlek, ZyllergyPharmacokinetic dataBioavailabilitywell absorbedProtein binding93% avgMetabolismCYP3A4 (Cytochrome P450 3A4)Half life8.3 HoursExcretionHepatic, urine or excrement (Small amounts)Therapeutic considerationsLicence dataUS FDA:linkPregnancy cat.B(US)Legal statusGSL(UK) OTC(US) OTC in CanadaRoutesOralCetirizine hydrochloride (pronounced /sɛˈtɪrɨziːn/), an antihistamine, is a major metabolite of hydroxyzine, and a racemic selective H1 receptor inverse agonist used in the treatment of allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and urticaria. The structural similarity of cetirizine to hydroxyzine, and its derivation from piperazine, attribute similar adverse reactions and properties to other piperazine derivatives.Formerly prescription-only in the US and Canada, cetirizine is now available over the counter in both countries as Zyrtec and Reactine respectively. In Australia Zyrtec is available over the counter in pharmacies and in the UK cetirizine can be sold in any outlet and is often available in supermarkets.XL sells the Cetirizine under the brand name ALESOF SYRUP in Azerbaijan, Philippines, Tajikistan// PharmacologyCetirizine crosses the blood-brain barrier only slightly, eliminating the sedative side-effect common with older antihistamines; however it still causes mild drowsiness.. It has also been shown to inhibit eosinophil chemotaxis and LTB4 release. At a dosage of 20 mg., twice the recomended dose, Boone et. el found that it inhibited the expression of VCAM-1 in patients with atopic dermatitis. Administration method and metabolisationChewable, non-chewable, and syrup forms of cetirizine are similarly absorbed rapidly and effectively, with absorbed food minutely affecting the absorption rate which yields a peak serum level one hour after administration; in a study of healthy volunteers prescribed 10mg tablets, once daily for 10 days, a mean peak serum level of 311 ng/mL was observed. The metabolic effects of cetirizine are long acting; remaining in the system for a maximum of 21 hours before being excreted, the average elimination half-life is 8 hours. 70% of the drug is excreted or eliminated by kidney function within 72 hours, and 10% is removed through urine or excrement; of which half is observed as unchanged cetirizine compound. Like many other antihistamine medications, cetirizine is commonly prescribed in combination with pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, a decongestant. These combinations are marketed using the same brand name as the cetirizine with a "-D" suffix (Zyrtec-D, Virlix-D, etc.)Additionally, cetirizine HCl not sold in combination with pseudoephedrine, is commonly known and marketed in the United States under the brand name, "Zyrtec." Formerly only available by a prescription, both Zyrtec and Zyrtec-D are currently available over the counter in the United States. In the Philippines, a leading cetirizine is Aforvir. Levorotary isomerThe levorotary enantiomer of cetirizine is known as levocetirizine. It is marketed under the name of Xyzal and Xusal. It is claimed to have somewhat fewer side effects. Kimura's diseaseCetirizine is an effective agent in the treatment of Kimura's disease, which mostly occurs in young Asian men, affecting the lymph nodes and soft tissue of the head and neck in the form of tumor-like lesions. Cetirizine's properties of being effective both in the treatment of pruritus and as an anti-inflammatory agent make it suitable for the treatment of the pruritus associated with these lesions. In a 2005 study, the American College of Rheumatology conducted treatments initially using prednisone, followed by steroid dosages and azathioprine, omeprazole, and calcium and vitamin D supplements over the course of two years. The skin condition of the patient began to improve and the skin lesions lessened. However, there were symptoms of cushingoid and hirsutism observed before the patient was removed from the courses of steroids and placed on 10mg/day of cetirizine to prevent skin lesions;an agent suitable for the treatment of pruritus associated with such lesions. Asymptomatically, the patient's skin lesions disappeared after treatment with cetirizine, blood eosinophil counts became normal, corticosteroid effects were resolved, and a remission began within a period 2 months. It is also thought that the inhibition of eosinophils may be the key to treatment of Kimura's disease due to the role of eosinophils, rather than other cells with regards to the lesions of the skin.
. Prescription bottles bearing catchy brand names are being pushed aside by tongue-twisting generics..com - Only the best pills from the trusted online pharmacy store.Ranbaxy Laboratories recently got approval for 18 generic drugs, including copies of the popular drugs Pravachol and Zyrtec, despite an ongoing investigation into whether the drug company lied to get approval.. exclusivity of Norvasc as well as the January 2008 loss of U."Zyrtec Withdrawal: the horrible and frustrating itching that some people get after having stopped taking Zyrtec, the anti-histamine made by Pfizer.. Zyrtec answered my prayers by killing my allergies for a good amount of time per use. Buy it.S. Zyrtec is an antihistamine.Pharmaceutical and biotechnology major Wockhardt announced the launch of Cetirizine tablets in the USA.Profit fell 18%, cholesterol drug Lipitor saw another decline despite competing Vytorinâs woes, and sales of allergy drug Zyrtec and Is this really the best that Pfizer can do? How can you really advertise a drug like this? It has to be against some law.5 billion in the year-ago quarter, primarily due to the March 2007 loss of U.8 billion, a decrease of 5% compared with $12. Cetirizine is also used to treat hives.FDA warning to healthcare
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