Kamagra
08 »
Kamagra
SildenafilSystematic (IUPAC) name1-pyrimidin-5-yl)phenylsulfonyl]-4-methylpiperazine citrateIdentifiersCAS number139755-83-2ATC codeG04BE03PubChem5281023DrugBankAPRD00556ChemSpider56586Chemical dataFormulaC22H30N6O4S Mol. massbase: 474.6 g/molSMILESeMolecules & PubChemPharmacokinetic dataBioavailability40%MetabolismHepatic (mostly CYP3A4, also CYP2C9)Half life3 to 4 hoursExcretionFecal (80%) and renal (around 13%)Therapeutic considerationsLicence dataEU, USPregnancy cat.B(US)Legal status℞ Prescription onlyRoutesOralSildenafil citrate, sold as Viagra, Revatio and under various other trade names, is a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction (male impotence) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It was developed and is being marketed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. It acts by inhibiting cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, an enzyme that regulates blood flow in the penis. Since becoming available in 1998, sildenafil has been the prime treatment for erectile dysfunction; its primary competitors on the market are tadalafil (Cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra).//HistorySildenafil (compound UK-92,480) was synthesized by a group of pharmaceutical chemists working at Pfizer's Sandwich, Kent research facility in England. It was initially studied for use in hypertension (high blood pressure) and angina pectoris (a symptom of ischaemic heart disease). The first clinical trials were conducted in Morriston Hospital in Swansea. Phase I clinical trials under the direction of Ian Osterloh suggested that the drug had little effect on angina, but that it could induce marked penile erections. Pfizer therefore decided to market it for erectile dysfunction, rather than for angina. The drug was patented in 1996, approved for use in erectile dysfunction by the Food and Drug Administration on March 27, 1998, becoming the first oral treatment approved to treat erectile dysfunction in the United States, and offered for sale in the United States later that year. It soon became a great success: annual sales of Viagra in the period 1999–2001 exceeded $1 billion.The British press portrayed Peter Dunn and Albert Wood as the inventors of the drug, a claim which Pfizer disputes. Their names are on the manufacturing patent application drug, but Pfizer claims this is only for convenience.Even though sildenafil is available only by prescription from a doctor, it was advertised directly to consumers on U.S. TV (famously being endorsed by former United States Senator Bob Dole and soccer star Pelé). Numerous sites on the Internet offer Viagra for sale after an "online consultation", often a simple web questionnaire. The "Viagra" name has become so well known that many fake aphrodisiacs now call themselves "herbal Viagra" or are presented as blue tablets imitating the shape and colour of Pfizer's product. Viagra is also informally known as "Vitamin V", "the Blue Pill", as well as various other nicknames.In 2000, Viagra sales accounted for 92 percent of the global market for prescribed erectile dysfunction pills. By 2007, Viagra's global share had plunged to about 50 percent due to several factors, including the entry of Cialis and Levitra, along with several other counterfeits and clones, and reports of vision loss in people taking PDE5 inhibitors.In February 2007, it was announced that Boots the Chemist would trial over the counter sales of Viagra in stores in Manchester, England. Men aged between 30 and 65 would be eligible to buy four tablets after a consultation with a pharmacist.Pfizer's worldwide patents on sildenafil citrate will expire in 2011–2013. The UK patent held by Pfizer on the use of PDE5 inhibitors (see below) as treatment of impotence was invalidated in 2000 because of obviousness; this decision was upheld on appeal in 2002. Mechanism of actionThe mechanism of action of Sildenafil citrate involves the release of nitric oxide (NO) in the corpus cavernosum of the penis. NO binds to the receptors of the enzyme guanylate cyclase which results in increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), leading to smooth muscle relaxation (vasodilation) of the intimal cushions of the helicine arteries, resulting in increased inflow of blood and an erection.Sildenafil is a potent and selective inhibitor of cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) which is responsible for degradation of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum. The molecular structure of sildenafil is similar to that of cGMP and acts as a competitive binding agent of PDE5 in the corpus cavernosum, resulting in more cGMP and better erections. Without sexual stimulation, and therefore lack of activation of the NO/cGMP system, sildenafil should not cause an erection. Other drugs that operate by the same mechanism include tadalafil (Cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra).Sildenafil is metabolised by liver enzymes and excreted by both the liver and kidneys. If taken with a high-fat meal, absorption is reduced; the time taken to reach the maximum plasma concentration increases by around one hour, and the maximum concentration itself is decreased by nearly one-third.UsesSexual dysfunctionThe primary indication of sildenafil is treatment of erectile dysfunction (inability to sustain a satisfactory erection to complete intercourse). It use is now standard treatment for erectile dysfunction in all settings, including diabetes.People on antidepressants may experience sexual dysfunction, either as a result of their illness or as a result of their treatment. A 2003 study showed that sildenafil improved sexual function in men in this situation. Following up to earlier reports from 1999, the same researchers found that sildenafil was able to improve sexual function in female patients on antidepressants as well.Pulmonary hypertensionAs well as erectile dysfunction, sildenafil citrate is also effective in the rare disease pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). It relaxes the arterial wall, leading to decreased pulmonary arterial resistance and pressure. This in turn reduces the workload of the right ventricle of the heart and improves symptoms of right-sided heart failure. Because PDE-5 is primarily distributed within the arterial wall smooth muscle of the lungs and penis, sildenafil acts selectively in both these areas without inducing vasodilation in other areas of the body. Pfizer submitted an additional registration for sildenafil to the FDA, and sildenafil was approved for this indication in June 2005. The preparation is named Revatio, to avoid confusion with Viagra, and the 20 milligram tablets are white and round. Sildenafil joins bosentan and prostacyclin-based therapies for this condition.Altitude sicknessSildenafil has been shown to be useful for the prevention and treatment of High altitude pulmonary edema associated with altitude sickness such as that suffered by mountain climbers. While this effect has only recently been discovered, sildenafil is already becoming an accepted treatment for this condition, particularly in situations where the standard treatment of rapid descent has been delayed for some reason.Use in sportsProfessional sports players have been using drugs such as Viagra thinking that the opening of their blood vessels will enrich their muscles, therefore enhancing their performance.Non-medical useRecreational useViagra's popularity with young adults has increased over the years. It is sometimes used recreationally, though this use is somewhat pointless in young, healthy men, as they receive no benefit from the drug. Some users mix Viagra with methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) or other stimulants in an attempt to compensate for the side effect common to many amphetamines of erectile dysfunction, a combination known as "sextasy", "rockin' and rollin'", or 'trail mix'." Mixing with amyl nitrite is particularly dangerous, and is potentially fatal.Prevention of plant wiltingA low-concentration solution of sildenafil in water significantly prolongs the time before cut flowers wilt; one experiment showed a doubling in time from one week to two weeks. The mechanism of action is similar to that in humans: nitric oxide leads to the production of cGMP whose degradation by PDE5 is inhibited by sildenafil.Jet lag researchThe 2007 Ig Nobel Prize in Aviation went to Patricia V. Agostino, Santiago A. Plano and Diego A. Golombek of Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Argentina, for their discovery that Viagra aids jet lag recovery in hamsters. Their research was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.DosageViagra pills are blue and diamond-shaped with the words "Pfizer" engraved on one side, and "VGR xx" (where xx stands for "25", "50" or "100", the dose of that pill in milligrams) engraved on the other. The dose of sildenafil for erectile dysfunction is 25 mg to 100 mg taken not more than once per day between 30 minutes and 4 hours prior to sexual intercourse. It is usually recommended to start with a dosage of 50 mg (or even 25 mg) and then lower or raise the dosage as appropriate.The dosage for pulmonary arterial hypertension (Revatio) is one 20 mg tablet three times a day. Revatio pills are white, round, film-coated tablets imprinted with "RVT 20" embossed on one side. ContraindicationsContraindications include:When taking nitric oxide donors, organic nitrites and nitrates, such as glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin), sodium nitroprusside, amyl nitrite ("poppers")In men for whom sexual intercourse is inadvisable due to cardiovascular risk factorsSevere hepatic impairment (decreased liver function)Severe impairment in renal functionHypotension (low blood pressure)Recent stroke or heart attackHereditary degenerative retinal disorders (including genetic disorders of retinal phosphodiesterases)Side effectsIn clinical trials, the most common adverse effects of sildenafil use included headache, flushing, dyspepsia, nasal congestion and impaired vision, including photophobia and blurred vision. Some sildenafil users have com
Kamagra is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence).Kamagra in the UK now. Treatment with Kamagra for ED has proven effective, resulting in an increased percentage of successful attempts at intercourse.So go aAll the products supplied by Kamagra U. Jobster profile for Buy Viagra.Generic viagra from $1. The best prices on drugs and the best pills quality.K are clinically tested under careful supervision and it comes with product guarantee so that customers can buy their products at ease.Its an interesting article about generic versions of popular impotence drugs at low costs.Kamagra is the preferred alternative to viagra.Order Kamagra Online - THE LOWEST KAMAGRA PRICE GUARANTEED, Fast And Discreet Shipping Worldwide, Free Consultations.uk is worth bookmarking. Impotence is a very common problem.Your safe and secure online pharmacy.kamagranow. Must get all the details.]Order Kamagra Online - CHEAP KAMAGRA PRICE GUARANTEED, Fast And Discreet Shipping Worldwide, Free Consultations.uk is worth bookmarking. Impotence is a very common problem.Your safe and secure online pharmacy.kamagranow. Must get all the details.]Order Kamagra Online - CHEAP KAMAGRA PRICE GUARANTEED, Fast And Discreet Shipping Worldwide, Free Consultations. Order Kamagra no prescription. Much of this activity has been made possible [. Remember one in ten men have a problem achieving and
Even more about Kamagra
Kamagra
Kamagra (generic viagra) is a medication prescribed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction by increasing blood flow of the penis. Kamagra is a generic version of the popular ...
Kamagra (Generic Viagra) - Erectile Dysfunction (Impotence) Treatment ...
The reasons are many, but no reason is less usual than another.
Kamagra : Home
Generic Viagra (Sildenafil) - Buy Kamagra, Caverta, Silagra, Zenegra, Kamgara Oral Jelly, Forzest, Penegra and Many More From TrustPharma.com
Generic Viagra (Sildenafil) - Buy Kamagra, Caverta, Silagra, Edegra ...
We deliver finest generic medicine (Kamagra & Erectalis) 100% reliable. Free delivery in the UK. Only 1-3 days delivery. Starter packs from £19.99...
Kamagra, Kamagra Oral Jellies & Kamagra Plus - KamagraShop.net
kamagra gells pills for sale online ... Welcome to CubeCart Welcome to Kamagra Pills Gells. We pride ourselves on providing only the very best quality controlled and tested Kamagra ...
Comment:
