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Spam in blogs (also called simply blog spam or comment spam) is a form of spamdexing. It is done by automatically posting random comments or promoting commercial services to blogs, wikis, guestbooks, or other publicly accessible online discussion boards. Any web application that accepts and displays hyperlinks submitted by visitors may be a target.Adding links that point to the spammer's web site artificially increases the site's search engine ranking. An increased ranking often results in the spammer's commercial site being listed ahead of other sites for certain searches, increasing the number of potential visitors and paying customers.// HistoryThis type of spam originally appeared in internet guestbooks, where spammers repeatedly fill a guestbook with links to their own site and no relevant comment, to increase search engine rankings. If an actual comment is given it is often just "cool page", "nice website", or keywords of the spammed link.In 2003, spammers began to take advantage of the open nature of comments in the blogging software like Movable Type by repeatedly placing comments to various blog posts that provided nothing more than a link to the spammer's commercial web site. Jay Allen created a free plugin, called MT-BlackList, for the Movable Type weblog tool (versions prior to 3.2) that attempted to alleviate this problem. Many blogging packages now have methods of preventing or reducing the effect of blog spam, although spammers have developed tools to circumvent them. Many spammers use special blog spamming tools like Trackback Submitter to bypass comment spam protection on popular blogging systems like Movable Type, Wordpress, and others. Possible solutions Disallowing multiple consecutive submissionsIt is rare on a site that a user would reply to their own comment, yet spammers typically will do. Checking that the user's IP address is not replying to a user of the same IP address will significantly reduce flooding. This however proves problematic in the fairly rare instance when multiple users, behind the same proxy, wish to comment on the same entry. Blocking by keywordBlocking specific words from posts is one of the simplest and most effective ways to reduce spam. Much spam can be blocked simply by banning names of popular pharmaceuticals and casino games.This is a good long-term solution, because it's not beneficial for spammers to change keywords to "vi@gra" or such, because keywords must be readable and indexed by search engine bots to be effective. nofollowGoogle announced in early 2005 that hyperlinks with rel="nofollow" attribute would not influence the link target's ranking in the search engine's index. The Yahoo and MSN search engines also respect this tag. nofollow is a misnomer in this case since it actually tells a search engine "Don't score this link" rather than "Don't follow this link." This differs from the meaning of nofollow used within a robots meta tag which does tell a search engine: "Do not follow any of the hyperlinks in the body of this document."Using rel="nofollow" is a much easier solution that makes the improvised techniques above irrelevant. Most weblog software now marks reader-submitted links this way by default (with no option to disable it without code modification). A more sophisticated server software could spare the nofollow for links submitted by trusted users like those registered for a long time, on a whitelist, or with a high karma. Some server software adds rel="nofollow" to pages that have been recently edited but omits it from stable pages, under the theory that stable pages will have had offending links removed by human editors.Some weblog authors object to the use of rel="nofollow", arguing, for example, thatLink spammers will continue to spam everyone to reach the sites that do not use rel="nofollow"Link spammers will continue to place links for clicking (by surfers) even if those links are ignored by search engines.Google is advocating the use of rel="nofollow" in order to reduce the effect of heavy inter-blog linking on page ranking.Google is advocating the use of rel="nofollow" only to minimize its own filtering efforts and to deflect that this actually had better been called rel="nopagerank".Nofollow may reduce the value of legitimate commentsOther websites like Slashdot, with high user participation, use improvised nofollow implementations like adding rel="nofollow" only for potentially misbehaving users. Potential spammers posing as users can be determined through various heuristics like age of registered account and other factors. Slashdot also uses the poster's karma as a determinant in attaching a nofollow tag to user submitted links.rel="nofollow" has come to be regarded as a microformat. Validation (reverse Turing test)A method to block automated spam comments is requiring a validation prior to publishing the contents of the reply form. The goal is to verify that the form is being submitted by a real human being and not by a spam tool and has therefore been described as a reverse Turing test. The test should be of such a nature that a human being can easily pass and an automated tool would most likely fail.Many forms on websites take advantage of the CAPTCHA technique, displaying a combination of numbers and letters embedded in an image which must be entered literally into the reply form to pass the test. In order to keep out spam tools with built-in text recognition the characters in the images are customarily misaligned, distorted, and noisy. A drawback of many older CAPTCHAs is that passwords are usually case-sensitive while the corresponding images often don't allow a distinction of capital and small letters. This should be taken into account when devising a list of CAPTCHAs. Such systems can also prove problematic to blind people who rely on screen readers. Some more recent systems allow for this by providing an audio version of the characters.A simple alternative to CAPTCHAs is the validation in the form of a password question, providing a hint to human visitors that the password is the answer to a simple question like "The Earth revolves around the... ".One drawback to be taken into consideration is that any validation required in the form of an additional form field may become a nuisance especially to regular posters. Bloggers and guestbook owners may notice a significant decrease in the number of comments once such a validation is in place. Disallowing links in postsThere is negligible gain from spam that does not contain links, so currently all spam posts contain (excessive number of) links. It is safe to require passing Turing tests only if post contains links and letting all other posts through. While this is highly effective, spammers do frequently send gibberish posts (such as "ajliabisadf ljibia aeriqoj") to test the spam filter. These gibberish posts will not be labeled as spam. They do the spammer no good, but they still clog up comments sections.Garbage submissions might however also result from level 0 spambots, which don't parse the attacked HTML form fields first, but send generic POST requests against pages. So it happens that a "content" or "forum_post" POST variable is set and received by the blog or forum software, but the "uri" or other wrong url field name is not accepted and thus not saved as spamlink. RedirectsInstead of displaying a direct hyperlink submitted by a visitor, a web application could display a link to a script on its own website that redirects to the correct URL. This will not prevent all spam since spammers do not always check for link redirection, but effectively prevents against increasing their PageRank, just as rel=nofollow. An added benefit is that the redirection script can count how many people visit external URLs, although it will increase the load on the site.Redirects should be server-side to avoid accessibility issues related to client-side redirects. This can be done via the .htaccess file in Apache.Another way of preventing PageRank leakage is to make use of public redirection or dereferral services such as TinyURL. For example,<a href="http://my-own.net/alias_of_target" rel="nofollow" >Link</a>where 'alias_of_target' is the alias of target address.Note however that this prevents users from being able to view the target of a link before clicking it, thus interfering with their ability to ignore websites they know to be spam. Distributed approachesThis approach is very new to addressing link spam. One of the shortcomings of link spam filters is that most sites receive only one link from each domain which is running a spam campaign. If the spammer varies IP addresses, there is little to no distinguishable pattern left on the vandalized site. The pattern, however, is left across the thousands of sites that were hit quickly with the same links.A distributed approach, like the free LinkSleeve uses XML-RPC to communicate between the various server applications (such as blogs, guestbooks, forums, and wikis) and the filter server, in this case LinkSleeve. The posted data is stripped of urls and each url is checked against recently submitted urls across the web. If a threshold is exceeded, a "reject" response is returned, thus deleting the comment, message, or posting. Otherwise, an "accept" message is sent.A more robust distributed approach is Akismet, which uses a similar approach to LinkSleeve but uses API keys to assign trust to nodes and also has wider distribution as a result of being bundled with the 2.0 release of WordPress. They claim over 140,000 blogs contributing to their system. Akismet libraries have been implemented for Java, Python, Ruby, and PHP, but its adoption may be hindered by its commercial use restrictions. In 2008, Six Apart therefore released a beta version of their TypePad AntiSpam software, which is compatible with Akismet but free of the latter's commercial use restrictions.Project Honey Pot has also begun tracking comment spammers. The Project us
What I love about this article, besides the interesting science behind smell, is that the comments have strayed away from the actual article to criticizing the model in the picture. How does one make a blog a happening place? How does one involve readers in expressing themselves? How to provide interaction beyond “leave a comment"?One solution is to add widgets. Current voting in a newspaper poll about Australia's most annoying celebrity shows that Bindi Irwin is way out in front at the top of the list.Technology experts agree that ChannelMe.. This article takes a look at the votes so far and asks the public for comments. Learn about RFC's and what the Internet was designed to do. Send this Happy Chinese New Year Comments at Chinese New Year Day or send this graphics for Imlek Day and Xin Cia Day.Don’t you hate it when you have written a blog post and no one comments on it? If your blog doesn’t receive many comments it is not because nobody likes your content, it is most probably because you simply don’t have enough traffic.tv's social networking sites are nothing more than glorified parked pages
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